Leadership in a Changing Environment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Leadership in a Changing Environment - Essay Example There are many ways in which Kirsty’s leadership approach has been reflected in the modern leadership theory. Based on modern understanding of a good leadership style, leaders are expected to be able to inspire another person to increase their drive in achieving the organizational goals (Northhouse, 2010, pp. 3 – 4). Aside from having confidence in managing a group of employees, modern leaders are expected to have the desire to lead, be honest, and have sufficient knowledge in managing the business (ibid). Clear evidence in the shift from a traditional leadership approach to a modern leadership approach is her decision to move from the use of transactional leadership style to transformational. In the past, Kirsty as a manager was a control freak. In line with this, most of the managers who adopt the use of old transactional leadership style approach ends up using authoritative power when handling and managing the people. Because of the increase in tight competition within the domestic and global markets, the need to encourage and inspire employees to become self-reliant becomes more in demand. Instead of managing the company using top-down approach, the idea of promoting interaction between the leaders and subordinates has gained importance within the modern HR theories. In a top-down management technique, decision-making power with regards to the allocation of available resources, planning and controlling how to spend the money is highly centralized and concentrated with the business leaders. There is a saying that two-heads is always better than one. Since decision-making process is solely dependent with the managers and business owners, the problem with the use of pure top-down management approach is that the business leaders and owners are not able to consider the personal opinion and suggestions coming from the bottom-line employees. Therefore, there is a bigger possibility that the top management will end up making a wrong business

Water Erosion Rates Essay Example for Free

Water Erosion Rates Essay A natural arch produced by the erosion of differentially weathered rock in Jebel Kharaz, Jordan Erosion is the process by which soil and rock are removed from the Earths surface by natural processes such as wind or water flow, and then transported and deposited in other locations. While erosion is a natural process, human activities have dramatically increased (by 10-40 times) the rate at which erosion is occurring globally. Excessive erosion causes problems such as desertification, decreases in agricultural productivity due to land degradation, sedimentation of waterways, and ecological collapse due to loss of the nutrient rich upper soil layers. Water and wind erosion are now the two primary causes of land degradation; combined, they are responsible for 84% of degraded acreage, making excessive erosion one of the most significant global environmental problems we face today.[1][2] Industrial agriculture, deforestation, roads, anthropogenic climate change and urban sprawl are amongst the most significant human activities in regards to their effect on stimulating erosion.[3] However, there are many available alternative land use practices that can curtail or limit erosion—such as terrace-building, no-till agriculture, and revegetation of denuded soils. Frost weathering From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Redirected from Frost action) Aly by mechanical frost weathering or thermal stress Frost weathering is a collective term for several mechanical weathering processes induced by stresses created by the freezing of water into ice. The term serves as an umbrella term for a variety of processes such as frost shattering, frost wedging and cryofracturing. The process may act on a wide range of spatial and temporal scales, from minutes to years and from dislodging mineral grains to fracturing boulders. Frost weathering is mainly driven by the frequency and intensity of freeze-thaw cycles and the properties of the materials subject to weathering. It is most pronounced in high altitude and latitude areas and is especially associated with alpine, periglacial, subpolar maritime and polar climates but occurs wherever freeze-thaw cycles are present. * | When water freezes to ice, its volume increases by nine percent. Under specific circumstances, this expansion is able to displace or fracture rock. At a temperature of -22 Â °C, ice growth is known to be able to generate pressures of up to 207MPa, more than enough to fracture any rock.[1][2] For frost weathering to occur by volumetric expansion, the rock must have almost no air that can be compressed to compensate for the expansion of ice, which means it has to be water-saturated and frozen quickly from all sides so that the water does not migrate away and the pressure is exerted on the rock.[1] These conditions are considered unusual,[1] restricting it to a process of importance within a few centimeters of a rocks surface and on larger existing water-filled joints in a process called ice wedging. Not all volumetric expansion is caused by the pressure of the freezing water; it can be caused by stresses in water that remains unfrozen. When ice growth induces stresses in the pore water that breaks the rock, the result is called hydrofracture. Hydrofracturing is favoured by large interconnected pores or large hydraulic gradients in the rock. If there are small pores, a very quick freezing of water in parts of the rock may expel water, and if the water is expelled faster than it can migrate, pressure may rise, fracturing the rock. Since research in physical weathering begun around 1900, volumetric expansion was, until the 1980s, held to be the predominant process behind frost weathering.[3] This view was challenged in 1985 and 1986 publications by Walder and Hallet.[1][3] Nowadays researchers such as Matsuoka and Murton consider the conditions necessary for Biological weathering A number of plants and animals may create chemical weathering through release of acidic compounds, i.e. moss on roofs is classed as weathering. Mineral weathering can also be initiated and/or accelerated by soil microorganisms. Lichens on rocks are thought to increase chemical weathering rates. For example, an experimental study on hornblende granite in New Jersey, USA, demonstrated a 3x 4x increase in weathering rate under lichen covered surfaces compared to recently exposed bare rock surfaces.[7] The most common forms of biological weathering are the release of chelating compounds (i.e. organic acids, siderophores) and of acidifying molecules (i.e. protons, organic acids) by plants so as to break down aluminium and iron containing compounds in the soils beneath them. Decaying remains of dead plants in soil may form organic acids which, when dissolved in water, cause chemical weathering.[citation needed] Extreme release of chelating compounds can easily affect surrounding rocks and soils, and may lead to podsolisation of soils. The symbiotic mycorrhizal fungi associated with tree root systems can release inorganic nutrients from minerals such as apatite or biotite and transfer these nutrients to the trees, thus contributing to tree nutrition.[8] It was also recently evidenced that bacterial communities can impact mineral stability leading to the release of inorganic nutrients.[9] To date a large range of bacterial strains or communities from diverse genera have been reported to be able to colonize mineral surfaces and/or to weather minerals, and for some of them a plant growth promoting effect was demonstrated.[10] The demonstrated or hypothesised mechanisms used by bacteria to weather minerals include several oxidoreduction and dissolution reactions as well as the production of weathering agents, such as protons, organic acids and chelating molecules. Oxidation Within the weathering environment chemical oxidation of a variety of metals occurs. The most commonly observed is the oxidation of Fe2+ (iron) and combination with oxygen and water to form Fe3+ hydroxides and oxides such as goethite, limonite, and hematite. This gives the affected rocks a reddish-brown coloration on the surface which crumbles easily and weakens the rock. This process is better known as rusting, though it is distinct from the rusting of metallic iron. Many other metallic ores and minerals oxidize and hydrate to produce colored deposits, such as chalcopyrites or CuFeS2 oxidizing to copper hydroxide and iron oxides. Dissolution and carbonation A pyrite cube has dissolved away from host rock, leaving gold behind Rainfall is acidic because atmospheric carbon dioxide dissolves in the rainwater producing weak carbonic acid. In unpolluted environments, the rainfall pH is around 5.6. Acid rain occurs when gases such as sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are present in the atmosphere. These oxides react in the rain water to produce stronger acids and can lower the pH to 4.5 or even 3.0. Sulfur dioxide, SO2, comes from volcanic eruptions or from fossil fuels, can become sulfuric acid within rainwater, which can cause solution weathering to the rocks on which it falls. Some minerals, due to their natural solubility (e.g. evaporites), oxidation potential (iron-rich minerals, such as pyrite), or instability relative to surficial conditions (see Goldich dissolution series) will weather through dissolution naturally, even without acidic water. Exfoliation is a type of erosion that occurs when a rock is rapidly heated up by the sun. This results in the expansion of the rock. When the temperature decreases again, the rock contracts, causing pieces of the rock to break off. Exfoliation occurs mainly in deserts due to the high temperatures during the day and cold temperatures at night.[24] Hydration Mineral hydration is a form of chemical weathering that involves the rigid attachment of H+ and OH- ions to the atoms and molecules of a mineral. When rock minerals take up water, the increased volume creates physical stresses within the rock. For example iron oxides are converted to iron hydroxides and the hydration of anhydrite forms gypsum. A freshly broken rock shows differential chemical weathering (probably mostly oxidation) progressing inward. This piece of sandstone was found in glacial drift near Angelica, New York Hydrolysis on silicates and carbonates Hydrolysis is a chemical weathering process affecting silicate and carbonate minerals. In such reactions, pure water ionizes slightly and reacts with silicate minerals. An example reaction: This reaction theoretically results in complete dissolution of the original mineral, if enough water is available to drive the reaction. In reality, pure water rarely acts as a H+ donor. Carbon dioxide, though, dissolves readily in water forming a weak acid and H+ donor. This hydrolysis reaction is much more common. Carbonic acid is consumed by silicate weathering, resulting in more alkaline solutions because of the bicarbonate. This is an important reaction in controlling the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere and can affect climate. Aluminosilicates when subjected to the hydrolysis reaction produce a secondary mineral rather than simply releasing cations. Rainfall There are three primary types of erosion that occur as a direct result of rainfall—sheet erosion, rill erosion, and gully erosion. Sheet erosion is generally seen as the first and least severe stage in the soil erosion process, which is followed by rill erosion, and finally gully erosion (the most severe of the three).[4][5] The impact of a falling raindrop creates a small crater in the soil, ejecting soil particles. The distance these soil particles travel (on level ground) can be as much as 2 feet vertically, and 5 feet horizontally. Once the rate of rain fall is faster than the rate of infiltration into the soil, surface runoff occurs and carries the loosened soil particles down slope.[6] Rill erosion refers to the development of small, ephemeral concentrated flow paths, which function as both sediment source and sediment delivery systems for erosion on hillslopes. Generally, where water erosion rates on disturbed upland areas are greatest, rills are active. Flow depths in rills are typically on the order of a few centimeters or less and slopes may be quite steep. This means that rills exhibit very different hydraulic physics than water flowing through the deeper, wider channels of streams and rivers.[ Gully erosion occurs when runoff water accumulates, and then rapidly flows in narrow channels during or immediately after heavy rains or melting snow, removing soil to a considerable depth. Factors affecting erosion rates Climatic factors include the amount and intensity of precipitation, the average temperature, as well as the typical temperature range, seasonality, wind speed, and storm frequency. In general, given similar vegetation and ecosystems, areas with high-intensity precipitation, more frequent rainfall, more wind, or more storms are expected to have more erosion.[citation needed] Rainfall intensity is the primary determinant of erosivity, with higher intensity rainfall generally resulting in more erosion. The size and velocity of rain drops is also an important factor. Larger and higher-velocity rain drops have greater kinetic energy, and thus their impact will displace soil particles by larger distances than smaller, slower-moving rain drops.[25] Erosional gully in unconsolidated Dead Sea (Israel) sediments along the southwestern shore. This gully was excavated by floods from the Judean Mountains in less than a year. The composition, moisture, and compaction of soil are all major factors in determining the erosivity of rainfall. Sediments containing more clay tend to be more resistant to erosion than those with sand or silt, because the clay helps bind soil particles together.[26] Soil containing high levels of organic materials are often more resistant to erosion, because the organic materials coagulate soil colloids and create a stronger, more stable soil structure.[27] The amount of water present in the soil before the precipitation also plays an important role, because it sets limits on the amount of water that can be absorbed by the soil (and hence prevented from flowing on the surface as erosive runoff). Wet, saturated soils will not be able to absorb as much rain water, leading to higher levels of surface runoff and thus higher erosivity for a given volume of rainfall.[27][28] Soil compaction also affects the permeability of the soil to water, and hence the amount of water that flows away as runoff. More compacted soils will have a larger amount of surface runoff than less compacted soils.[27] Vegetative cover Vegetation acts as an interface between the atmosphere and the soil. It increases the permeability of the soil to rainwater, thus decreasing runoff. It shelters the soil from winds, which results in decreased wind erosion, as well as advantageous changes in microclimate. The roots of the plants bind the soil together, and interweave with other roots, forming a more solid mass that is less susceptible to both water and wind erosion. The removal of vegetation increases the rate of surface erosion.[29] Topography The topography of the land determines the velocity at which surface runoff will flow, which in turn determines the erosivity of the runoff. Longer, steeper slopes (especially those without adequate vegetative cover) are more susceptible to very high rates of erosion during heavy rains than shorter, less steep slopes. Steeper terrain is also more prone to mudslides, landslides, and other forms of gravitational erosion processes

Where The Red Fern Grows :: essays research papers

In the story Where The Red Fern Grows by Wilson Rawls. Billy is willing to try his best when he wants to get the dogs. He also tries his best when he wants to get Old Dan down from a tree. Billy thinks that God helped him knock the tree down and catch the coon who was up the tree.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Billy tries his best to get the dogs he saw in an ad, he found in a magazine by the lake were fishermen fish. He picked berries util his feet were covered with scratches because of the bushes. He also hunted for coons with the traps his father got him. He would sell the fur and the berries in his grandfather's store. After two years Billy finally had enough money to get the dogs he wanted. He was so excited that instead of waiting for the dogs to come to him he went to the dogs. After getting the puppies Billy got into a fight with some school kids because they were picking on the puppies and Billy was getting angry. He wanted to protect the puppies   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When Billy and his dogs went coon hunting Old Dan went up a dead hollow tree to try and catch the coon who went up there. So Billy had to go up and get him down. Billy tried as hard as he could to get his big dog down, then he finally did. When Old Dan got down he was so eager to get the coon he went back up the tree. So Billy went up the tree again and tried to get him down. With all his strength he finally got Old Dan Down for the second time. Billy thinks that God helped him in getting the tree to fall and catching the coon. This all happened when Billy promised his dogs that if they get the coon up the tree he would get the coon. So Billy thought of climbing the tree but it was to high. So he tried to cut the tree down. It took along time; Billy's Grandpa made a dummy so Billy can go home and rest. The purpose of the dummy was to make the coon think that a person was standing there. So the coon would stay up on the tree for several days before he finds out that the dummy is fake. When Billy went back to the tree he started cutting and cutting, but the tree was too big and thick to cut down.

Digital Fortress Chapter 19

â€Å"What if someone else is looking for the ring?† Susan asked, suddenly nervous. â€Å"Could David be in danger?† Strathmore shook his head. â€Å"Nobody else knows the ring exists. That's why I sent David. I wanted to keep it that way. Curious spooks don't usually tail Spanish teachers.† â€Å"He's a professor,† Susan corrected, immediately regretting the clarification. Every now and again Susan got the feeling David wasn't good enough for the commander, that he thought somehow she could do better than a schoolteacher. â€Å"Commander,† she said, moving on, â€Å"if you briefed David by car phone this morning, someone could have intercepted the-â€Å" â€Å"One-in-a-million shot,† Strathmore interrupted, his tone reassuring. â€Å"Any eavesdropper had to be in the immediate vicinity and know exactly what to listen for.† He put his hand on her shoulder. â€Å"I would never have sent David if I thought it was dangerous.† He smiled. â€Å"Trust me. Any sign of trouble, and I'll send in the pros.† Strathmore's words were punctuated by the sudden sound of someone pounding on the Node 3 glass. Susan and Strathmore turned. Sys-Sec Phil Chartrukian had his face pressed against the pane and was pounding fiercely, straining to see through. Whatever he was excitedly mouthing was not audible through the soundproofed glass. He looked like he'd seen a ghost. â€Å"What the hell is Chartrukian doing here?† Strathmore growled. â€Å"He's not on duty today.† â€Å"Looks like trouble,† Susan said. â€Å"He probably saw the Run-Monitor.† â€Å"Goddamn it!† the commander hissed. â€Å"I specifically called the scheduled Sys-Sec last night and told him not to come in!† Susan was not surprised. Canceling a Sys-Sec duty was irregular, but Strathmore undoubtedly had wanted privacy in the dome. The last thing he needed was some paranoid Sys-Sec blowing the lid off Digital Fortress. â€Å"We better abort TRANSLTR,† Susan said. â€Å"We can reset the Run-Monitor and tell Phil he was seeing things.† Strathmore appeared to consider it, then shook his head. â€Å"Not yet. TRANSLTR is fifteen hours into this attack. I want to run it a full twenty-four-just to be sure.† This made sense to Susan. Digital Fortress was the first ever use of a rotating cleartext function. Maybe Tankado had overlooked something; maybe TRANSLTR would break it after twenty-four hours. Somehow Susan doubted it. â€Å"TRANSLTR keeps running,† Strathmore resolved. â€Å"I need to know for sure this algorithm is untouchable.† Chartrukian continued pounding on the pane. â€Å"Here goes nothing.† Strathmore groaned. â€Å"Back me up.† The commander took a deep breath and then strode to the sliding glass doors. The pressure plate on the floor activated, and the doors hissed open. Chartrukian practically fell into the room. â€Å"Commander, sir. I†¦ I'm sorry to bother you, but the Run-Monitor†¦ I ran a virus probe and-â€Å" â€Å"Phil, Phil, Phil,† the commander gushed pleasantly as he put a reassuring hand on Chartrukian's shoulder. â€Å"Slow down. What seems to be the problem?† From the easygoing tone in Strathmore's voice, nobody would ever have guessed his world was falling in around him. He stepped aside and ushered Chartrukian into the sacred walls of Node 3. The Sys-Sec stepped over the threshold hesitantly, like a well-trained dog that knew better. From the puzzled look on Chartrukian's face, it was obvious he'd never seen the inside of this place. Whatever had been the source of his panic was momentarily forgotten. He surveyed the plush interior, the line of private terminals, the couches, the bookshelves, the soft lighting. When his gaze fell on the reigning queen of Crypto, Susan Fletcher, he quickly looked away. Susan intimidated the hell out of him. Her mind worked on a different plane. She was unsettlingly beautiful, and his words always seemed to get jumbled around her. Susan's unassuming air made it even worse. â€Å"What seems to be the problem, Phil?† Strathmore said, opening the refrigerator. â€Å"Drink?† â€Å"No, ah-no, thank you, sir.† He seemed tongue-tied, not sure he was truly welcome. â€Å"Sir†¦ I think there's a problem with TRANSLTR.† Strathmore closed the refrigerator and looked at Chartrukian casually. â€Å"You mean the Run-Monitor?† Chartrukian looked shocked. â€Å"You mean you've seen it?† â€Å"Sure. It's running at about sixteen hours, if I'm not mistaken.† Chartrukian seemed puzzled. â€Å"Yes, sir, sixteen hours. But that's not all, sir. I ran a virus probe, and it's turning up some pretty strange stuff.† â€Å"Really?† Strathmore seemed unconcerned. â€Å"What kind of stuff?† Susan watched, impressed with the commander's performance. Chartrukian stumbled on. â€Å"TRANSLTR's processing something very advanced. The filters have never seen anything like it. I'm afraid TRANSLTR may have some sort of virus.† â€Å"A virus?† Strathmore chuckled with just a hint of condescension. â€Å"Phil, I appreciate your concern, I really do. But Ms. Fletcher and I are running a new diagnostic, some very advanced stuff. I would have alerted you to it, but I wasn't aware you were on duty today.† The Sys-Sec did his best to cover gracefully. â€Å"I switched with the new guy. I took his weekend shift.† Strathmore's eyes narrowed. â€Å"That's odd. I spoke to him last night. I told him not to come in. He said nothing about switching shifts.† Chartrukian felt a knot rise in his throat. There was a tense silence. â€Å"Well.† Strathmore finally sighed. â€Å"Sounds like an unfortunate mix-up.† He put a hand on the Sys-Sec's shoulder and led him toward the door. â€Å"The good news is you don't have to stay. Ms. Fletcher and I will be here all day. We'll hold the fort. You just enjoy your weekend.† Chartrukian was hesitant. â€Å"Commander, I really think we should check the-â€Å" â€Å"Phil,† Strathmore repeated a little more sternly, â€Å"TRANSLTR is fine. If your probe saw something strange, it's because we put it there. Now if you don't mind†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Strathmore trailed off, and the Sys-Sec understood. His time was up. â€Å"A diagnostic, my ass!† Chartrukian muttered as he fumed back into the Sys-Sec lab. â€Å"What kind of looping function keeps three million processors busy for sixteen hours?† Chartrukian wondered if he should call the Sys-Sec supervisor. Goddamn cryptographers, he thought. They just don't understand security! The oath Chartrukian had taken when he joined Sys-Sec began running through his head. He had sworn to use his expertise, training, and instinct to protect the NSA's multibillion-dollar investment. â€Å"Instinct,† he said defiantly. It doesn't take a psychic to know this isn't any goddamn diagnostic! Defiantly, Chartrukian strode over to the terminal and fired up TRANSLTR's complete array of system assessment software. â€Å"Your baby's in trouble, Commander,† he grumbled. â€Å"You don't trust instinct? I'll get you proof!†

Minor members of the solar system

Asteroids are small rocky bodies that have been likened to â€Å"flying mountains. † The largest, Ceres, is about 1000 kilometers in diameter, but most are only about 1 kilometer across. The smallest asteroids are assumed to be no larger than grains of sand. Most asteroids lie between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter. They have orbital periods of three to six years. Some asteroids have very eccentric orbits and travel very close to the sun, and a few larger ones regularly pass close to Earth and the moon.Many of the most recent impact craters on the moon and Earth were probably caused by collisions with asteroids. Many asteroids have irregular shapes. Because of this, planetary geologists first speculated that they might be fragments of a broken planet that once orbited between Mars and Jupiter. Others have hypothesized that several larger bodies once coexisted in close proximity, and their collisions produced numerous smaller ones. The existence of several families of asteroids has been used to support this explanation. COMETS Comets are the shining wanderers of the solar system.With their glowing tails that may stretch 100 million kilometers through space. Most comets reside in the outer fringes of the solar system, far beyond Pluto. For all their apparent size in the sky, comets are actually fairly small objects. When a comet begins its trip down past the Sun, it is probably a chunk of â€Å"dirty ice,† a mixture of rock dust and ice a few kilometers across, much smaller than the typical observed asteroid. As it speeds towards the Sun, the heat from the Sun evaporates the ice, and the gases thus released blow dust particles outward from the solid body or nucleus.Radiation from the Sun ionizes the released atoms, producing a tail that glows in the sky like a neon sign; the dust particles reflect sunlight and form another, smoother tail. But not all develop a tail that extends for millions of kilometers. The fact that the tail of a comet points awa y from the sun in a slightly curved manner led early astronomers to propose that the sun has a repulsive force that pushes the particles of the coma away, thus forming the tail. The tails seem white to the eye, but color photography reveals that the ionized gas tail is blue and the dust tail yellow.The small nucleus, the only even near-permanent part of a comet, is surrounded by the coma or head of the comet, a large, hazy structure formed by the liberated gas and dust. Of the 100 billion comets that may exist, less than 1000 have been observed thus far as they make the long Journey down to the heat of the Sun. Halley's is one of the best-known and brightest comets others are the Oort cloud which are comets that appear to be distributed in all directions trom the sun, torming a spherical shell around the solar system. METEOROIDS Often referred to as a â€Å"shooting star.This streak of light occurs when a meteoroid enters the Earth's atmosphere. A meteoroid is a small solid particl e that travels through space. Most meteoroids originate from any one of the following three sources: (1) Interplanetary debris that was not gravitationally swept up by the planets during the formation of the solar system (2) Material from the asteroid belt, (3) The solid remains of comets that once traveled near Earth's orbit. A few meteoroids are believed to be fragments of the moon, or possibly Mars, that were ejected when an asteroid impacted these bodies.Some meteoroids are as large as steroids. Most, however, are the size of sand grains. Consequently, they vaporize before reaching Earth's surface. Those that do enter Earth's atmosphere and burn up are called meteors. The light that we see is caused by friction between the particle and the air, which produces heat. Occasionally, meteor sightings can reach 60 or more per hour. These displays, called meteor showers, result when earth encounters a swarm of meteoroids traveling in the same direction and at nearly the same speed as E arth. A meteoroid that actually reaches Earth's surface is called a meteorite.

Amur Leopard Facts

Amur Leopard Facts The Far Eastern or Amur leopard (Panthera pardus orientalis) is one of the worlds most endangered cats. It is a solitary, nocturnal leopard with a wild population estimated at over 84 individuals who mostly reside in the Amur River basin of eastern Russia with a few scattered in neighboring China and in a relatively new refuge established in 2012. They are particularly vulnerable to extinction because Amur leopards have the lowest levels of genetic variation of any leopard subspecies. Fast Facts: Amur Leopard Scientific Name: Panthera pardus orientalisCommon Names: Amurland leopard, Far Eastern leopard,  Manchurian leopard, Korean leopardBasic Animal Group:  MammalSize: 25–31 inches at the shoulder, 42–54 inches longWeight: 70–110 poundsLifespan: 10–15  yearsDiet:  CarnivoreHabitat:  Primorye region of southeastern Russia and northern ChinaPopulation:  More than 80Conservation  Status: Critically Endangered Description The Amur leopard is a subspecies of leopard with a thick coat of long, dense hair varying in color from creamy yellow to rusty orange, depending on their habitat. Amur leopards in the snowier Amur River Basin of Russia develop lighter coats in the winter and tend to have more cream-colored coats than their Chinese kin. Their rosettes (spots) are more widely spaced with thicker black borders than other subspecies of leopards. They also have larger legs and wider paws than other subspecies, an adaptation that facilitates movement through deep snow.   Both males and females range in height between 25 to 31 inches at the shoulder and are typically 42 to 54 inches long. Their tales measure approximately 32 inches in length. Males are typically heavier at 70 to 110 pounds while females typically weigh 55 to 75 pounds.   Thomas Kitchin Victoria Hurst​/Getty Images Habitat and Range Amur leopards can survive in temperate forest and mountain regions, keeping mostly to south-facing rocky slopes in winter (where less snow accumulates). Individuals territories can range from 19 to 120 square miles, depending upon age, sex, and prey density- the latter of which has greatly diminished in recent years, though they are on increase in protected areas. Historically, Amur leopards have been found in eastern China, southeastern Russia, and throughout the Korean Peninsula. The first known documentation was a skin found by German zoologist Hermann Schlegel in 1857 in Korea.  More recently, the few remaining leopards are scattered throughout approximately 1,200 square miles in the area where the borders of Russia, China, and North Korea meet the Sea of Japan. Today, Amur leopards are increasing in numbers, due to the creation of protected areas and other conservation efforts. Diet and Behavior The Amur leopard is a strictly carnivorous predator that primarily hunts roe and sika deer but will also eat wild boar, Manchurian wapiti, musk deer, and moose. It will opportunistically prey on hares, badgers, raccoon dogs, fowl, mice, and even young Eurasian black bears. Reproduction and Offspring Amur leopards reach reproductive maturity between the ages of two and three years. Females estrus period last from 12 to 18 days with gestation taking approximately 90 to 95 days. Cubs are typically born from the end of March through May and weigh a little over one pound at birth. Like domestic cats, their eyes remain closed for about a week and they begin to crawl 12 to 15 days after birth. Young Amur leopards have been reported to remain with their mother for up to two years. Amur leopards have been known to live for up to 21 years in captivity, though their lifespan in the wild is typically 10 to 15 years. Kuzmichstudio/Getty Images Conservation Status According to the World Wildlife Fund, Amur leopards received a safe haven in 2012 when the government of Russia declared a new protected area. Called Land of the Leopard National Park, this marked a major effort to save the world’s rarest cat. Extending nearly 650,000 acres it includes all of the Amur leopard’s breeding areas and about 60 percent of the critically endangered cat’s remaining habitat. In addition, conservationists have been successful in reducing illegal and unsustainable logging practices and facilitating trade between companies committed to responsible forestry practices. In 2007, WWF and other conservationists successfully lobbied the Russian government to reroute a planned oil pipeline that would have endangered the leopards habitat. The IUCN Species Survival Commission has considered Amur leopards  Critically Endangered (IUCN 1996)  since 1996. As of 2019, more than 84 individuals remain in the wild (mostly in protected areas) and 170 to 180 live in captivity. The primary causes for their low population are habitat destruction from commercial logging and farming from 1970 to 1983 and illegal poaching for fur over the last 40 years. Fortunately, conservation efforts by organizations like the World Wildlife Fund and the Amur Leopard and Tiger Alliance (ALTA) are working to recover the species from extinction. Threats Although human interference plays a key role in Amur leopards endangered status, their low level of genetic variation due to recent dwindling population size has led to many health complications including reduced fertility.   Habitat destruction:  Between 1970 and 1983, 80 percent of the Amur leopards habitat was lost due to logging, forest fires, and agricultural land conversion projects (this loss of habitat also affected the leopards prey species, which have become increasingly scarce as well).Human Conflict:  With less wild prey to hunt, leopards have gravitated to deer farms where they have been killed by farmers.Poaching:  The Amur leopard is illegally hunted for its fur, which is sold on the black market. Habitat loss has made it easier to locate and kill leopards within the past 40 years.Small Population Size:  The Amur leopards critically low population is at risk from disease or environmental catastrophes that could wipe out all remaining individuals.Lack of Genetic Variation:  Because there are so few individual leopards left in the wild, they are subject to inbreeding. Inbred offspring are prone to health problems, including reduced fertility which further reduces the populations cha nce of survival. Though these issues are being addressed and the number of Amur leopards has increased, the species is still considered to be critically endangered. Amur Leopards and Humans The Amur Leopard and Tiger Alliance (ALTA) works in close cooperation with local, regional, and federal organizations to protect the regions biological wealth through conservation, sustainable development, and local community involvement. They maintain four anti-poaching teams with a total of 15 members in the Amur leopard range, monitor the Amur leopard population through snow track counts and camera trap counts, restore leopard habitats, support ungulate recovery, and run a media campaign to create awareness about the Amur leopards plight. The World Wildlife Fund (WWF) has established anti-poaching teams and environmental education programs to increase appreciation for the leopard among local communities within the leopards range. WWF also implements programs to stop the traffic in Amur leopard parts and to increase the population of prey species in the leopards habitat such as the 2003 Forest Conservation Programme in the Russian Far East Ecoregion Complex, the 2007 lobbying effort to reroute a planned oil pipeline, and the 2012 establishment of a large refuge for Amur leopards, tigers, and other endangered species. Sources â€Å"About the Amur Leopard.†Ã‚  About the Amur Leopard | Russian Geographical Society, www.rgo.ru/en/projects/protection-endangered-species-amur-leopard/about-amur-leopard.â€Å"Amur Leopard.†Ã‚  WWF, World Wildlife Fund, www.worldwildlife.org/species/amur-leopard#.â€Å"Amur Leopard-Worlds Rarest Cat-Doubles in Population.†Ã‚  WWF, World Wildlife Fund, 23 Feb. 2015, www.worldwildlife.org/stories/amur-leopard-world-s-rarest-cat-doubles-in-population.

4 Things I Wish I Knew Before Sending My Resume to a Recruiter

4 Things I Wish I Knew Before Sending My Resume to a Recruiter A resume is much more than a piece of paper that displays your abilities and qualifications. The biggest culprit behind unsuccessful resumes is failing to understand them as they are – a crucial instrument for employment. Does it often happen to you – to get rejected even though your qualifications are the perfect fit for the position? Is your resume the reason why you get rejected when applying for a job?Many have been where you stand and learned this the hard way – without a professional resume, an application does not stand a chance with a hiring manager. Therefore, you must make sure that the resume is absolutely perfect.Why Do You Need a Professional Resume?A bad resume is one of the following: hard to read, covered in errors, confusing or completely unrelated to the job in question. If your resume has one of these disadvantages, it goes in the trash right away.I did not know this in the past, which lead me to make many mistakes and miss dozens of job opport unities I could have gotten only if I had a good resume. To help you avoid the same mistakes, I decided to make a list of things I wish someone taught me before I lost my shot at the jobs I wanted:1. My Resume Looked Like Everyone Else’sHiring managers will get dozens to hundreds of resumes that look just like yours. Therefore, you do not only need a professional resume – you need a resume that stands out. Even if you have worked hard to make sure that the language and lists fit what the employer is looking for, you will never leave a good impression if the resume does not shine among others.People often look for resume samples online or copy generated forms and fill them with the information before adding them to the application. The problem lies exactly here – you are following the same path as dozens of other candidates. The common employee is not the ideal employee. There are hundreds of such applicants in every job offer.2. It Focused on Responsibility inst ead of ResultsExplaining what you did and when you did it is a bad move. I used to write down my certificates, job experience and things I accomplished, expecting the hiring manager to be amazed by only reading it.This is the biggest mistake you can make. Employers are not interested in your duties and responsibilities. They want to know what you can do to improve your company, not what you have done to improve yourself.So, put on your results cap. Turn your accomplishments into reasons to believe that you are better than anyone else who applied for the job. Employers want to hear how and when you made a difference, so think of things you did that make you the best candidate for the job.3. Your Resume Was Not Polished EnoughA resume is not a one-person job. The best thing you can do for your resume is get a second pair of eyes to take a look at it.When you write a resume about yourself and your accomplishments, you are certainly connected to them, which makes you unable to see thing s objectively.Do not leave this important task to your friends and family. They can help, but they will hardly know the best ways to impress a hiring manager. My recommendation is pinpointing the top resume services and leave the polishing to them.4. It Did Not Represent MeYou probably think – how can my resume represent someone else?Believe it or not, this is the exact reason why I failed to get the jobs – the resumes I sent were not a true representation of me. In order to be successful, a resume must line up with your attitude, energy, and tone. You cannot deliver a regal resume if you are an extrovert, or use jokes if you are a serious person.It is not just about style. You must be realistic. Paint yourself as a team player if you do not possess the qualities of a leader. If you want to change jobs often, do not say you are looking for permanent employment.Get real. This is your opportunity, to be honest.There you have it – the four mistakes I did when writi ng my resume. Is there any lesson you want to share with us?About the author:Stephanie Proper is a career strategist and blogger. She likes writing useful tips regarding a career and help job seekers pass through an application process smoothly. She can be reached out on properresumes.com,   Facebook and Twitter

What is a Life Plan and Why Should You Create One

What is a Life Plan and Why Should You Create One What is a life plan and why should you create one? You’re probably familiar with creating a plan for your professional career. But you most likely have never considered planning out your entire life for the foreseeable future. In fact, most people do not. You’ll never see someone sit down and write a plan for how they want to be remembered, who they want to be, or what matters most to them. But these are very important things to consider.Take a look at this infographic to find out why you should create a life plan and how it will benefit you.Source: [socialwork.career]

William James. American psychology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

William James. American psychology - Essay Example By profession he was a doctor, but his greatest contributions came in the field of psychology and philosophy. He wrote several books on science of psychology, educational psychology, psychology of religion and mysticism. Moreover he was also an advocate of pragmatic philosophy and wrote many books on pragmatism. His brothers and sisters were also famous in America as literature writers. Even though the contributions of William James are multifaceted, this paper focuses mainly on his contributions to psychology in general and to the development of theory of functionalism relating to the history of psych systems, in particular. Theory of functionalism, developed by William James, caused major changes in the history of American psychology. Theory of functionalism is derived from Darwin’s evolutionary theory. It focuses mainly on the examination of the function and purpose of mind and behavior. â€Å"Rather than the structures of the mind, functionalism was interested in mental p rocesses and their relation to behavior†(Functionalism). ... In Principles of Psychology he presented illuminating ideas concerning consciousness, attention, memory, habits, and emotions† (William James and Functionalism). William James was more interested in studying how mind functions and he used the method of introspection for that. He argued that different people may behave differently to a particular stimulus because of individual differences. In other words, the mental processes are different for different people and hence the human behavior may also vary with respect to a particular stimulus. For example, two persons may have different perceptions when they see a girl dating with a boy. The first person may take it lightly whereas the second person may take it seriously. This is because of the different perceptions or consciousness of the people. The first person could be more liberal in his approach and attitude whereas the second person could be more traditional or fundamental in his approaches. These differences in perceptions or consciousness forced these two people to respond differently to a particular incident. Here the structure of the mind has nothing to do with the behavior of these people. Functionalist opposes the search for the elements of consciousness as futile. They believed that the mind has the function of helping us to adapt to the environment. They want to understand the function of the mind, the way it helps us to adapt. They want psychology to be practical, not pure science. They believed that the needs and motivations of the organism should be understood if someone wants to understand behavior. Functionalist are more interested in what makes people different from each other than in what makes them similar (Magazine) William James was more

Report Type Assignment Based of Swatch Case Study Essay

Report Type Assignment Based of Swatch Case Study - Essay Example Based on the case study, working at the company must entail engaging in a lot of conversation, jocular gestures and more informal talk. This is because the management vouches for a less formal and relaxed mood in order to create an avenue for creativity, as well as motivate their employees. Its vertical frequency of communication places it at a highly vertically integrated state such that the open door policy enables individuals at different hierarchical levels, in the company, to interact freely. This makes all members of staff to feel important, valued, and respected. Their opinions must be considered in the decision-making processes, and they are free to share their ideas without fear of being judged or victimized. Such a work environment makes the Swatch organizational setting a fun yet focused place to be as an employee The core business of the company is manufacturing watches that would lead to customers imperceptibly becoming attached to them. Unlike other organizations, they believe that individuals can be manipulated emotionally such that they end up acquiring more than a couple of watches in their lifetime. This is the core of their business, and it is anchored on innovations, which appeal to potential buyers. As a result, consumers will keep coming for more and more watches; hence, keeping Swatch in business by boosting its sales. Finally, a customer would have a pleasant experience at a Swatch store since the staff is jovial and ready to assist them to explore the innovations offered by the company. Swatch has the ability to grow since it has four major development phases. The first phase, which was meant for the survival of Swatch, is its effective international distribution system. This helps the company to acquire a large market base all over the world. Secondly, the management of Swatch has employed good strategies, which have aided the company to succeed in reviving its luxury

Mohammed Ali Pasha three campaigns on Arabia, Greece and Syria to Essay

Mohammed Ali Pasha three campaigns on Arabia, Greece and Syria to Anatolia and how it affects him in the International Arena - Essay Example Many of the policies enacted were of benefit to the common person, while others were not. This paper will take a broad look at Egypt, before and after Mohammed Ali Pasha, and attempt to draw conclusions about the effectiveness of his reign throughout the region. Egypt before Muhammad Ali Egypt is rich with over 5,000 years of history. In retrospect, the reign of Muhammad Ali Pasha is a small blip in time, as Egypt has seen many rulers come and go through the years. Beginning in the 1500’s, the Ottoman Empire stretched into Egypt. Prior to this, Cairo was the center of Egyptian civilization and the country was quite a powerful independent state. It yielded a great deal of influence in the region. This all changed, however, with the conquering of the city by the Ottoman army (Moshe 337). Prior to Muhammad Ali Pasha, Istanbul was, in essence, calling all of the shots for Egypt. Because of this, Arabic was not even the dominant language of the era. While the Ottoman Empire allowed Egypt to function as a sort of autonomous state with the Empire, the reality was that Egypt was not in firm control of its own destiny. This reality continued, largely unchecked, until the arrival of Ali Pasha in the early 19th century. It was during that time that Muhammad Ali Pasha immediately began to turn the army into a force that could keep the Ottoman Empire from dictating Egyptian affairs, while reinstituting many parts of Egyptian culture that had been lost. He actually became fixated on attempting to take over the entire Ottoman Empire himself. At this time, Ali Pasha began to shift the language back to Arabic from Turkish, and he began to institute a number of military and administrative reforms designed to create a technological Egypt moving forward (Colvin 258). Muhammad Ali as Ruler of Egypt As described, Egypt has a fascinating history. Perhaps, however, modern day Egypt can be said to have started with the rule of Mohammed Ali Pasha. Even though he was of Albanian d escent, he came to rule Egypt from 1805-1848. In fact, even after his reign, the family maintained a tight grip on the country until the Egyptian Revolution in 1952. This period of time in Egypt’s history was quite groundbreaking. Thanks to Ali Pasha, there were a great many reforms made to the military and economic structure of Egypt. In addition, his control over the country saw many cultural advances to take place as Egypt began to become a major player throughout the region, and, indeed, the world (Moshe 338). Prior to becoming the ruler of Egypt, Muhammad Ali Pasha was a soldier. Apparently, however, he was not just an average soldier, but was so good that he got noticed throughout Turkey and began to rise through the ranks. Upon settling in Egypt, he increased the technology used by the army in the country, and used that labor to also create new schools and to improve the infrastructure throughout the country. His most notable contribution in this area was to implement a network of irrigation projects that had previously been neglected (Moshe 339). He did all of this with minimal interference from the current Sultan. In fact, he rarely even consulted with the Sultan; rather he was so respected among the people that he set out on his own to accomplish these great feats. Upon reflection, it can be said that Muhammad Ali

Cultural self assessment Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Cultural self assessment - Assignment Example The behavior increases the family bond as individual are able to appreciate each member of the family regardless of their relation. Personally, I value family than any other social aspect. I value the slightest family bond to any other person. My religious life has also been massively influenced by my cultural traditions. In Ghana, religion makes up a significant part the social structure. Religious practices are considered mandatory. The same impact on religion has been made on my life. I value my religion as I consider taking part in practices even if I am away from my family. Considering the impact of my cultural traditions in my life, I still continue to carry on these practices. The cultural traditions are a significant part on my social life. In addition, they are a source of my social identity regardless of distance from my native country. Carrying on these traditions enables me to appreciate my country and cultural identity (Benhabib, Shapiro & Petranovich,

Macroeconomics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 3

Macroeconomics - Essay Example They are growing fast which leads to the proposition that they will soon catch up with the western nations. The economic growth of India and China is bound to take the world in storm, making it easier to utilize their structural reforms and economic growth to structure a new model for the world to adopt. For the better part of the twentieth century, the west knew that the only way of gaining any advantage over them is by creating a platform that the rest of the world could only copy. Any country that copied the western prescriptions would prosper and stabilize, yet this obscured way of thinking did not hold any ground when the world needed to rise above the recessions that came thereafter (Levi 115). The western model seen as the most important part of civilization in the past was nothing more than a mere wish for the rest of the world. It was slowly fading away and new giant economies arose to fill in the gap and present new ideologies that work for the betterment of the society as a whole. The west was no longer an important force in the world economy based on their achievements. New economies were making them seem as if the past years were all inconsequential in meeting their immediate goals (Levi 116). India and China have set a mark that many countries see as the next determinant of what to expect in the economic world. These two countries are some of the largest economies in the world today, and China already surpassed the US as the largest economy in the world. India, on the other hand, is a great competitor for the ever-growing Chinese economy, and economists argue that it is going to beat China in the race to the top of the largest growing economy in the world (Levi 117). The one thing that will make it easier to rise to the top for the countries across the world to make it to the top of the growing economies is the amount of time they place in

Educational Programs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Educational Programs - Essay Example The Italian early education and care is characterized be a three prong strategy (state,communal,private). Enactment of a law that entitled children between ages 3-6 to free education and another law in 1971 establishing infant/toddler centers that also receive parental financial contributions have land marked an early care program that has been strongly backed and approved by parents especially mothers.(Rebecca.S.New) Italy has been consistent in its efforts to combine concepts of social service with education thus helping young families enormously. 95% of children between ages 3-6 attend some kind of school-municipal,national or private.New legislation in 1998 requires for pre school teachers to hold a university level degree.Vast majority of cities with communal pre-schools also conduct workshops for teachers .In 1969,The Ministry introduced "Guidelines for Educational Activity" which advocated strong collaboration with parents, religious education and play. (OECD Country note,May2 001) As for children above age 6, education in Italy is state-controlled and all schools, both public and private, are subject to comply with the curricula and teaching methods laid down by the Ministry of Public Education .Education is compulsory and free of charge for all children between the ages of 6 and 14 and is segmented into 5 classes at elementary level and 3 classes at lower secondary level (middle school).(The Italian Education System, January 2,2001). The curriculum at the elementary level is centered on providing a solid foundation in reading, writing, and mathematics. Two significant philosophies in early education founded in Italy that have captured the world's attention setting the pace for educational standards and influencing alternative ,educational concepts both inside Italy and around the world are: The Montessori Concept The Reggio Emilia approach Dr Maria Montessori,the first woman in Italy to become a physician, founded the Montessori system of education in 1907 in Rome. Her major discovery was that children teach themselves.She believed in a prepared classroom designed to make children choose from a number of developmentally appropriate activities leading to self-discovery in learning. ( Website of the Montessori Foundation and the International Montessori Council ).The Reggio Emilia was founded in the town of Reggio Emilia in Northern Italy by professor Loris Malaguzzi. (Lella Gandini,1993) Children explore themes and learn through short and long projects inspired spontaneously by children's curiosity , social concerns of parents ,or a random chance event..With no established curriculum,the child learns in her own sense of time and personal rhythm. Other innovative pre-school education and care programs in Pastoia and Milan have focused on the integral relationship between the need of the children and the community as a w hole. Some of their ground-breaking policies include enrichment programs for parents and grand parents and a high level of interaction between diverse families of young children with one another and with the professionals. The general goal seems to be to foster

Macroeconomics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 3

Macroeconomics - Essay Example They are growing fast which leads to the proposition that they will soon catch up with the western nations. The economic growth of India and China is bound to take the world in storm, making it easier to utilize their structural reforms and economic growth to structure a new model for the world to adopt. For the better part of the twentieth century, the west knew that the only way of gaining any advantage over them is by creating a platform that the rest of the world could only copy. Any country that copied the western prescriptions would prosper and stabilize, yet this obscured way of thinking did not hold any ground when the world needed to rise above the recessions that came thereafter (Levi 115). The western model seen as the most important part of civilization in the past was nothing more than a mere wish for the rest of the world. It was slowly fading away and new giant economies arose to fill in the gap and present new ideologies that work for the betterment of the society as a whole. The west was no longer an important force in the world economy based on their achievements. New economies were making them seem as if the past years were all inconsequential in meeting their immediate goals (Levi 116). India and China have set a mark that many countries see as the next determinant of what to expect in the economic world. These two countries are some of the largest economies in the world today, and China already surpassed the US as the largest economy in the world. India, on the other hand, is a great competitor for the ever-growing Chinese economy, and economists argue that it is going to beat China in the race to the top of the largest growing economy in the world (Levi 117). The one thing that will make it easier to rise to the top for the countries across the world to make it to the top of the growing economies is the amount of time they place in

Testicular torsion in neonates Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Testicular torsion in neonates - Essay Example However, intravaginal torsion testis has also been reported in neonates (Burge). Most of the cases of  torsion testis detected in the new born period are believed to occur inutero (2). Torsion testis  occurs due to loose attachments of the tunica to the scrotal wall (4). It is associated with high birth weight (5). Most of the times, it is unilateral and may be associated with undescended testis. Baby of Gracy Thomas was noticed to have swelling and redness at the right half of the scrotum, 12 hours after birth. The baby was born full term by normal delivery. The birth weight was 3.5 kg. Antenatal scans were normal. On examination, there was redness and swelling over the right testis. No ecchymoses were noted on the skin of the scrotum. The testis was tender, firm and hard to feel. The opposite testis appeared normal. The vital signs were stable and other systems examination was normal. A diagnosis of torsion of the right testes was made and an emergency Doppler ultrasound arranged. Doppler study revealed gross swelling of the testis along with heterogeneous echogenicity. Subtunica fluid was noted and Doppler was absent. This confirmed the diagnosis of torsion testis. The baby was taken in for surgery immediately. On exploration during surgery, there was no evidence of necrosis of the affected testis. Incision of the right testis caused bleeding suggesting the viability of the testis. Detorsion of the right testes was done following which it was fixed to the scrotal wall. Also, orchidopexy of the opposite testis was also undertaken. Intra-operative Doppler study revealed return of blood supply to the testes, thus proving the success of detorsion. Post-sugery, the baby was stable. He was discharged after 2 days and asked to return after a week for follow up. On follow up, examination of the testes were normal. Neonatal testicular torsion can be divided

Affirmative Action Essay Example for Free

Affirmative Action Essay Affirmative Action has remained one of the most controversial social issues of our time. Aggressive non-discrimination was the original intention, but it soon became clear that merely promising not to discriminate would have little effect on the racial bias in our society. My own opinion was first formed by my father and influenced by the conservative environment in which I lived. Since then, I have experienced a much broader view of American society. I have heard many different opinions on affirmative action from all aspects of our culture and I have changed my mind. The roots of affirmative action can be traced back to the passage of the 1964 Civil Rights Act, where legislation redefined public and private behavior. The act states that to discriminate in private is legal, but anything regarding business or public discrimination is illegal (Affirmative 13). There are two instances when opposing affirmative action might seem the wrong thing to do. First, the nobility of the cause to help others. Second, affirmative action was a great starter for equality in the work place. The case against affirmative action ests heavily on myth and misunderstanding, and following illustrates that an absence of affirmative action in todays society will only reinforce racial injustice. Myth 1: The only way to create a color-blind society is to adopt color-blind policies. Although this statement sounds unthinkingly possible, the reality is that colorblind policies often put racial minorities at a disadvantage. For instance, color-blind seniority system tends to protect white workers against job layoffs, because senior employees are usually white (Ezorsky, 1991). Myth 2: Affirmative action has not succeeded in increasing female and minority representation. Several studies have documented important gains in racial and gender equality as a direct result of affirmative action (Bowen Bok, 1998; Murrell Jones, 1996). For example, affirmative action has helped five million minorities and six million whites and minority women to be promoted in the workplace. The effect of the affirmative action program previously documented show important gains in racial and gender equality according to, Roger Clegg of the Academic Search Premier. America is known as the land of opportunity. However, it became evident that opportunity was only available to white men. Later, laws were passed to ensure equal opportunity regardless of race, sex, and religion. These affirmative action laws were set in place by our government with the intent of correcting the social evil known as prejudice; but in doing so, they created a monster. Affirmative action has become an ineffective, outdated, and socially harmful policy that is weakening our great nation. Should Affirmative Action be mended or ended? Affirmative action is an attempt to correct unequal distribution of benefits (status, income and wealth, power and authority,) and burdens associated with ethnic and gender differences. When we become citizens of this nation, at birth or otherwise, we get a warranty. That warranty is supposed to be honored by every government franchise in every village and hamlet of this nation. It is non transferable, and it is good for the life of the vehicle. We are guaranteed the right to vote, the right to due process; the right to be free, not to be enslaved, as long as we conduct ourselves in accordance with the laws of our nation; and the right to equal treatment under the law, regardless of our race, color, sex, religion national origin. These are rights which attach to us as individuals, not as members of a group. Affirmative action has its roots in that passion for fairness. When President Lyndon Johnson explained affirmative action to the nation, it is significant that he said, You cant bring a man to the starting line who has been hobbled by chains and expect him to run the race competitively. Fairness dictated that the nation pursue affirmative action to compensate black Americans for the wrong that had been done. Affirmative action was a technique for jump-starting the process of integrating black Americans into the fabric of American society, for changing the culture of America from an exclusive society into an inclusive one. I will never abandon my faith that America can become Ronald Reagans shining city on the hill, a society in which a persons gender or race or ethnic background are irrelevant in the transactions of their government. Let us not mourn the death of affirmative action. Instead, let us proclaim our belief that the spirit of equal opportunity, which affirmative action engendered, has become a permanent fixture of Americas social, economic, and political landscape. Let us have faith in our own sense of fair play and keep affirmative action alive. Efficiency is important to the success of any machine, including economic machines. Affirmative action increases diversity, but it does so at a cost. The cost is that it promotes racism indirectly by focusing on differences. I have a better idea. The main goal behind affirmative action is to promote unity and efficiency. So the question is what is the best way to do that? One way, is to simply provide unity incentives. Instead of punishing qualified white males, we should instead provide incentives to white males to promote diversity and unity. The best way to do this is to use the tax system. Greater unity should mean lower taxes, meaning tax incentives to anyone who promotes unity. The more women you hire, the lower your taxes. The more minorities you hire, the lower your taxes. If your business is diverse according to guidelines, you should actually be able to earn money for promoting diversity and unity. Affirmative action is wrong; you should not punish qualified employees. You should instead reward shareholders, CEOs, and the corporation itself for doing what is rational, and in the best interest of the bottom line. So one replacement for affirmative action could be unity tax deductions. Another replacement for affirmative action could be unity credits, where individuals who choose to run their business or give to charities which promote unity, can actually receive credits for doing so and abolish affirmative action. That great American pastime—baseball—is a reminder of the intensity of our passion for fairness as we encourage the crowd to kill the umpire if he makes what we consider an unfair call. As we drive home at the end of the day, our hands gripping the steering wheel, our bumper kissing the one ahead, when to our right a vehicle speeds along the curb and merges ahead of us at the moment when an opening appears, our passion for fairness surfaces. The protrusion of one of our fingers signals our belief that one of the rules of fairness has been violated. In every sport I can think of—baseball, basketball, football, tennis—one is expected to play between the white lines. To do otherwise is unfair and carries a penalty. The problem with affirmative action is that it singles out a particular ethnic subsection of the lower class, while leaving many deserving people behind solely because of their heritage. Instead, this society should focus on raising the bar for all members of the lower and middle class who wish to educate themselves and better their economic, intellectual and cultural positions in life. We should do this by providing more lower class young adults of all colors and creeds with inexpensive higher education. I strongly believe that only when affirmative action is unnecessary and outmoded should we abolish it. We should not destroy our current solution without creating a newer, better one. In conclusion, affirmative action policies, as they exist right now, are ineffective, outdated, hypocritical, and harmful. On the other hand, affirmative action is the best thing since peanut butter, where all people of all race can enjoy a good sandwich. Though all of these may be argued well by both sides, this last point is indisputable. Affirmative Action, no matter how it is explained, rationalized, justified, or disguised, will still be the center of social issues in our time and the time to come.

The Principles Of Machiavelli Exposed in The Prince :: essays research papers

Machiavelli's views have been misinterpreted since his book was first written, people take him in the wrong way, and are offended by what he says. Careless readers take him in a completely wrong way, such as they think that he believes that the end justifies the means, that a leader should lie to the people, and that a ruler has to rule with force. In actuality, Machiavelli means no such thing, he says that there are times when the common good outweighs the means, and the morality of a rulers actions. He also says that you cannot be loved by everyone, so try to be loved and feared at the same time, but of the two, choose to be feared. The Prince is considered to be one of the most important of nonfiction literature written in the history of mankind. It gave an accurate and truthful description of the method of governing. Machiavelli understands the importance of a military force, and that a country has to be kept in order, even if that means lying to the people to get them to fight against a common foe. In Europe, the church was entangled in politics, and everything else, but Machiavelli suggests a secular state, which would allow the leader to do that which is necessary for the country and for his continued reign, though not necessarily moral.The ends do not justify the means, yet sometimes if the end is necessary for the continuation of a society, then the means do not have to be morally bound. A ruler cannot please everybody all the time, so therefore, he has to be cunning in order to maintain control. There are times when a ruler needs to lie to the populace, in order to reach a goal that is better in some way for the nation. By tying the church to the government, people expected the government to behave morally, but often times, an entirely moral ruler will be overthrown. A ruler cannot show any weakness, or else he will no longer be feared enough to keep him in power, and he will be overthrown. In The Prince, Machiavelli asserts that it is best for a ruler to be both feared and loved, but if he cannot be both, it is much better to be feared. People are unlikely to overthrow a ruler that they fear, because they fear the punishments for failure.

Benjamin Franklin Essay example -- essays research papers fc

Benjamin Franklin-Scientist and Inventor Benjamin Franklin has influenced American technology, and indirectly, lifestyles by using his proficiencies and intelligence to conduct numerous experiments, arrive at theories, and produce several inventions. Franklin's scientific and analytical mind enabled him to generate many long lasting achievements which contributed to the development and refinement of modern technology. Few national heroes, including George Washington and Thomas Jefferson, played a more significant role in shaping the American way of life than Franklin. According to Fowler, "He personified the ideal of the self-made man, and his rise from obscurity to eminence exemplified the American dream" (32). Looby adds, "The study of Franklin's image for the past two centuries shows that his legacy had a distinctive place in American culture" (85). It has been felt by many people over the years that there was no United States inventor as great as Franklin until the time of Thomas A. Edison (Blow 24). Franklin's words to a friend in Pennsylvania, Joseph Huey, best explain his attitude not only toward what he considered his civic duties, but also his investigations as a scientist or philosopher. He made some of the most famous and certainly the most practical discoveries of his time. "For my own part, when I am employed in serving others, I do not look upon myself as conferring favours, but as paying debts. In my travels, and since my settlement, I have received much kindness from men, to whom I shall never have any opportunity of making the least direct return . . . I can therefore only return on their fellow men; and I can only show my gratitude for these mercies from God, by a readiness to help his other children and my Brethren" (Dineen 6). Wright quotes Franklin as saying, "As we enjoy great advantages from the inventions of others," and, "we should be glad of an opportunity to serve others by any invention of ours" (19). Franklin summarizes his attitude toward his inventions by asking the question, "What signifies Philosophy that does not apply to some use?" (Fleming 21). Another time Franklin is quoted as saying, "Utility is in my opinion the test of value in matters of invention, and that a discovery which can be applie... ...ngame, Roger. Benjamin Franklin: Envoy Extraordinary. New York: Coward-McCann, Inc., 1967. Clark, Ronald W. A Biography: Benjamin Franklin. New York: Random House, 1983. Cohen, I. Bernard. Benjamin Franklin: Scientist and Statesman. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1975. Dineen, Michael P. The Most Amazing American: Benjamin Franklin. Waukesha, Wisconsin: Country Beautiful, 1973. Donovan, Frank R. The Many Worlds of Benjamin Franklin. New York: American Heritage Publishing Co., 1963. Fleming, Thomas. The Man Who Dared The Lightning: A New Look At Benjamin Franklin. New York: William Morrow and Company, Inc., 1971. Fowler, Mary J. Great Americans. Grand Rapids, Michigan: The Fideler Company, 1960 Looby, Christopher. Benjamin Franklin. New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 1990. Meltzer, Milton. Benjamin Franklin: The New American. New York: Franklin Watts, 1988. Potter, Robert R. Benjamin Franklin. New Jersey: Silver Burdett Publishers, 1991. Seeger, Raymond J. Benjamin Franklin: New World Physicist. New York: Pergamon Press, 1973. Wright, Esmond. Franklin of Philadelphia. Cambridge Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1986. Benjamin Franklin Essay example -- essays research papers fc Benjamin Franklin-Scientist and Inventor Benjamin Franklin has influenced American technology, and indirectly, lifestyles by using his proficiencies and intelligence to conduct numerous experiments, arrive at theories, and produce several inventions. Franklin's scientific and analytical mind enabled him to generate many long lasting achievements which contributed to the development and refinement of modern technology. Few national heroes, including George Washington and Thomas Jefferson, played a more significant role in shaping the American way of life than Franklin. According to Fowler, "He personified the ideal of the self-made man, and his rise from obscurity to eminence exemplified the American dream" (32). Looby adds, "The study of Franklin's image for the past two centuries shows that his legacy had a distinctive place in American culture" (85). It has been felt by many people over the years that there was no United States inventor as great as Franklin until the time of Thomas A. Edison (Blow 24). Franklin's words to a friend in Pennsylvania, Joseph Huey, best explain his attitude not only toward what he considered his civic duties, but also his investigations as a scientist or philosopher. He made some of the most famous and certainly the most practical discoveries of his time. "For my own part, when I am employed in serving others, I do not look upon myself as conferring favours, but as paying debts. In my travels, and since my settlement, I have received much kindness from men, to whom I shall never have any opportunity of making the least direct return . . . I can therefore only return on their fellow men; and I can only show my gratitude for these mercies from God, by a readiness to help his other children and my Brethren" (Dineen 6). Wright quotes Franklin as saying, "As we enjoy great advantages from the inventions of others," and, "we should be glad of an opportunity to serve others by any invention of ours" (19). Franklin summarizes his attitude toward his inventions by asking the question, "What signifies Philosophy that does not apply to some use?" (Fleming 21). Another time Franklin is quoted as saying, "Utility is in my opinion the test of value in matters of invention, and that a discovery which can be applie... ...ngame, Roger. Benjamin Franklin: Envoy Extraordinary. New York: Coward-McCann, Inc., 1967. Clark, Ronald W. A Biography: Benjamin Franklin. New York: Random House, 1983. Cohen, I. Bernard. Benjamin Franklin: Scientist and Statesman. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1975. Dineen, Michael P. The Most Amazing American: Benjamin Franklin. Waukesha, Wisconsin: Country Beautiful, 1973. Donovan, Frank R. The Many Worlds of Benjamin Franklin. New York: American Heritage Publishing Co., 1963. Fleming, Thomas. The Man Who Dared The Lightning: A New Look At Benjamin Franklin. New York: William Morrow and Company, Inc., 1971. Fowler, Mary J. Great Americans. Grand Rapids, Michigan: The Fideler Company, 1960 Looby, Christopher. Benjamin Franklin. New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 1990. Meltzer, Milton. Benjamin Franklin: The New American. New York: Franklin Watts, 1988. Potter, Robert R. Benjamin Franklin. New Jersey: Silver Burdett Publishers, 1991. Seeger, Raymond J. Benjamin Franklin: New World Physicist. New York: Pergamon Press, 1973. Wright, Esmond. Franklin of Philadelphia. Cambridge Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1986.

Daniel Defoe

Gallery's Barbarians The alma of Susan Van Canteen Gallagher article, â€Å"Torture and the Novel: J. M. Cotter's ‘Walling for the Barbarians'† Is to untangle further what the book Walling for the Barbarians is saying about the human psyche and how the novel analyzes imperialism. By finding its fear on the issues about ethics and violence and discovering the bounds of human brutality, Waiting for the Barbarians tests humankind and imperialism in several ways. Offering a psychoanalytic debate of Waiting for the Barbarians, this reading concentrates on the Influence of fear in unman psyche and Imperialism self-destructive Influence.How far-offer and anxiety can go and how far affiliates of society can follow a blind power Is the mall fear of this essay. As Cotter's Waiting for the Barbarians is a figurative novel, this essay will try to understand the symbols created in relative to the pressures raised in the novel. The analysis of the accounts raised in the book, may be b roken down into the following mall modules. After gang brief evidence about the writer and the book In the overview, the essay will carry on with observing the characters as targets of theEmpire, which symbolizes the imperialist system. The first object is the barbarian girl, one in which will be studied in relation to her individualism as an outsider and as an enemy of the Empire. The Magistrate as the second victim and his self-journey will be perceived in relative to his calculation to come to be the other. Then in the next section, the Empire as the prey of itself and its self-destructive power will be recognized. At the conclusion, the knack to challenge Issues will be discussed.J_M_ Cottage Is a South African writer born In Cape Town In 1940. In relative to the writers experience, it is important to note that, this essay takes in thought Cotter's objection against imperialism and makes an examination of Waiting for the Barbarians depending on his defiance towards it. I think i n his novel Cottage disapproves of the imaginary unknown Empire and by doing this actually he takes away from Imperialist systems. Waiting for the Barbarians Is a novel about the impression of the torture chamber on the life of a man of principles.The man of principles Is the main hero of the novel who Is an elderly Magistrate living In a two order township which is remote from other words, of an indeterminate Empire. He has accountability and authority of keeping the outpost for the provision of the Empire but then loses his authority when the Empire sent armed forces to defend the town from the barbarians. The protagonist disputes the unjust conduct of the barbarians even though the Empire perceives them as a hazardous tribe getting ready to attack the base and clash against the Empire.When he returns an arrested barbarian woman, he expresses sympathy and cares to her people, but is blamed for reason and imprisoned like the barbarians. He becomes the subject of cruelty, shame and suffering. What is stimulating in the novel is that, the leading protagonist, at the end of his story, also turns out to be the other likewise the barbarian girl he cherished and aided In the beginning of his story. The Magistrate questions the power of the Empire's in which by this action, his process of otherness begins.To unite the girl with her tribe he reaches a decision to make an excursion and pass through the remote desert to the barbarians which is thought to attack the outpost. Through the journey in the desert his limits to the Empire comes loose and when he enters the realm of the other lots of things change in his mind. Similar to this subconsciously hard Journey, he also concludes a complex psychological Journey of unraveling himself from the Empire and from its ethical understanding.After his return, his otherness is completed while he is now viewed as a traitor and he is look upon as guilt-ridden as the barbarians without any doubts since the other is always the guil ty one. The Magistrate is essentially comfortable with his arrest while his otherness plaits his destiny and responsibility to the Empire and as the other and as the focus of torture and humiliation, the purification of his soul starts which he longs for. The Magistrate not once closes his eyes to the ferocity the Empire is expressing on the barbarians like the other members of the society.Although he knows that he will receive misfortune, he never acts as if he is assisting the act of torture. Therefore because of his ethics, he is corrected to be the other in his society. Nobody but the Magistrate is sore to the violence exemplified by the man of the Empire, Colonel Joel, UT Magistrate makes his ethical standpoint. As a consequence it can be said that, the system drives every character, individual and idea different than its prejudice, to its limits and penalizes every struggle to its self. Even if the struggle is against violence.I think by displaying how a group of people, with the authority to put fear in people's souls, can direct what is right and wrong, Cottage critiques the submissive and sightless members of the civilization. In the novel, how people can Just go with the crowd without even thinking once, is demonstrated very clearly. Even though people of the town knew for years that the barbarians were kind and mild people and even though Just like the Magistrate they know that truly they would not attack the town while it is not their style, they all watched the viciousness of the Empire's army embodying on them.More amazingly, although the crowd appreciated and liked the Magistrate when he was in the power and although he is one of them, they overlooked the agony he experienced. Furthermore they watch his suffering; the hanging, like observing a theatrical performance. Moreover they laugh. This clearly wows that fear from the other, results in carelessness and blindness. The novel in fact portrays the psychological self-journey of a man. His mind is like the antiquity of the town. The Magistrate's pastime is to excavate the skeletons of ancient houses and remains.He tries to comprehend the characters on wooden slips he found. Throughout the book, the pre-symbolic figures are always a mystery for him the same way his unconscious state of mind is a mystery. I think his diggings and findings of some ancient origins which he does not understand their meanings of, is symbol of self-discovery through his own past and mind. The ancient civilized society can signify his unconsciousness and the external; yet the reality he is living can symbolize his consciousness.Similarly, in the old characters, he believes he finds some hints about himself in his dreams. The olden writings are not available to his conscious as well as his unconscious. Through his dreams and his relationship with the barbarian girl. The Magistrate attempts to track the altered and tortured figure of the barbarian girl both in his dreams and in his washing ritual. I n accord to the Magistrate, the barbarian girl's body is a script to be deciphered in the same way the characters on the wooden slips he had excavated had been deciphered.Through her body and the ancient script he found, he actually touches on himself and his own longings, uncertainties and suppressed feelings. The matters observed and the pressures raised in Waiting for the Barbarians, cannot be cast off so effortlessly. Throughout this paper, I did my best to focus on how Cottage tests imperialism without even declaring its name through describing the self-journey and the inner self of a man of ethics.I reason that Cotter's use of torture chamber and his complete account of viciousness, agony and terror is the rebellious side of the book. The effect of terror and viciousness, both portrayed psychically and mentally in the story by the tortured figure of the barbarian girl and the account of the Magistrates mental state. Expressing torture to the narrator of the book is the way, wh ich makes the reader to observe the cruelty of the system. Cottage in reality creates a satirical comment about imperialism at the end of the novel by exposing the Empire's self-destruction.I would like to end my essay by giving the message that the Magistrate gives to Colonel Joel at the end of the book, in which I believe sums up the books missive which the author is giving to all societies and civilizations. I am saying all societies because in the book the location, the period or values of the Empire and the outpost is not stated. Likewise, excluding Colonel Joel, the characters in the book do not have names. Even the Magistrate, the main protagonist, is without name. He is the Magistrate. I reflect that by not centralizing and not naming the characters, theEmpire gives the reader a casual look to recognize with that culture and with the characters of the story more effortlessly. This vagueness styles the book to expose to all kind of imaginings and creates an accessibility to a ll civilizations. Correspondingly, as Cottage makes the story of fear and distress, he calls on every individual one by one, and therefore calls out to every society and culture. The Magistrate: â€Å"The crime that is latent in us we must inflict on ourselves,† I say. I nod and nod, driving the message at home. â€Å"Not on others, â€Å"l say: I repeat the words, pointing my chest, pointing at his. Daniel Defoe Gallery's Barbarians The alma of Susan Van Canteen Gallagher article, â€Å"Torture and the Novel: J. M. Cotter's ‘Walling for the Barbarians'† Is to untangle further what the book Walling for the Barbarians is saying about the human psyche and how the novel analyzes imperialism. By finding its fear on the issues about ethics and violence and discovering the bounds of human brutality, Waiting for the Barbarians tests humankind and imperialism in several ways. Offering a psychoanalytic debate of Waiting for the Barbarians, this reading concentrates on the Influence of fear in unman psyche and Imperialism self-destructive Influence.How far-offer and anxiety can go and how far affiliates of society can follow a blind power Is the mall fear of this essay. As Cotter's Waiting for the Barbarians is a figurative novel, this essay will try to understand the symbols created in relative to the pressures raised in the novel. The analysis of the accounts raised in the book, may be b roken down into the following mall modules. After gang brief evidence about the writer and the book In the overview, the essay will carry on with observing the characters as targets of theEmpire, which symbolizes the imperialist system. The first object is the barbarian girl, one in which will be studied in relation to her individualism as an outsider and as an enemy of the Empire. The Magistrate as the second victim and his self-journey will be perceived in relative to his calculation to come to be the other. Then in the next section, the Empire as the prey of itself and its self-destructive power will be recognized. At the conclusion, the knack to challenge Issues will be discussed.J_M_ Cottage Is a South African writer born In Cape Town In 1940. In relative to the writers experience, it is important to note that, this essay takes in thought Cotter's objection against imperialism and makes an examination of Waiting for the Barbarians depending on his defiance towards it. I think i n his novel Cottage disapproves of the imaginary unknown Empire and by doing this actually he takes away from Imperialist systems. Waiting for the Barbarians Is a novel about the impression of the torture chamber on the life of a man of principles.The man of principles Is the main hero of the novel who Is an elderly Magistrate living In a two order township which is remote from other words, of an indeterminate Empire. He has accountability and authority of keeping the outpost for the provision of the Empire but then loses his authority when the Empire sent armed forces to defend the town from the barbarians. The protagonist disputes the unjust conduct of the barbarians even though the Empire perceives them as a hazardous tribe getting ready to attack the base and clash against the Empire.When he returns an arrested barbarian woman, he expresses sympathy and cares to her people, but is blamed for reason and imprisoned like the barbarians. He becomes the subject of cruelty, shame and suffering. What is stimulating in the novel is that, the leading protagonist, at the end of his story, also turns out to be the other likewise the barbarian girl he cherished and aided In the beginning of his story. The Magistrate questions the power of the Empire's in which by this action, his process of otherness begins.To unite the girl with her tribe he reaches a decision to make an excursion and pass through the remote desert to the barbarians which is thought to attack the outpost. Through the journey in the desert his limits to the Empire comes loose and when he enters the realm of the other lots of things change in his mind. Similar to this subconsciously hard Journey, he also concludes a complex psychological Journey of unraveling himself from the Empire and from its ethical understanding.After his return, his otherness is completed while he is now viewed as a traitor and he is look upon as guilt-ridden as the barbarians without any doubts since the other is always the guil ty one. The Magistrate is essentially comfortable with his arrest while his otherness plaits his destiny and responsibility to the Empire and as the other and as the focus of torture and humiliation, the purification of his soul starts which he longs for. The Magistrate not once closes his eyes to the ferocity the Empire is expressing on the barbarians like the other members of the society.Although he knows that he will receive misfortune, he never acts as if he is assisting the act of torture. Therefore because of his ethics, he is corrected to be the other in his society. Nobody but the Magistrate is sore to the violence exemplified by the man of the Empire, Colonel Joel, UT Magistrate makes his ethical standpoint. As a consequence it can be said that, the system drives every character, individual and idea different than its prejudice, to its limits and penalizes every struggle to its self. Even if the struggle is against violence.I think by displaying how a group of people, with the authority to put fear in people's souls, can direct what is right and wrong, Cottage critiques the submissive and sightless members of the civilization. In the novel, how people can Just go with the crowd without even thinking once, is demonstrated very clearly. Even though people of the town knew for years that the barbarians were kind and mild people and even though Just like the Magistrate they know that truly they would not attack the town while it is not their style, they all watched the viciousness of the Empire's army embodying on them.More amazingly, although the crowd appreciated and liked the Magistrate when he was in the power and although he is one of them, they overlooked the agony he experienced. Furthermore they watch his suffering; the hanging, like observing a theatrical performance. Moreover they laugh. This clearly wows that fear from the other, results in carelessness and blindness. The novel in fact portrays the psychological self-journey of a man. His mind is like the antiquity of the town. The Magistrate's pastime is to excavate the skeletons of ancient houses and remains.He tries to comprehend the characters on wooden slips he found. Throughout the book, the pre-symbolic figures are always a mystery for him the same way his unconscious state of mind is a mystery. I think his diggings and findings of some ancient origins which he does not understand their meanings of, is symbol of self-discovery through his own past and mind. The ancient civilized society can signify his unconsciousness and the external; yet the reality he is living can symbolize his consciousness.Similarly, in the old characters, he believes he finds some hints about himself in his dreams. The olden writings are not available to his conscious as well as his unconscious. Through his dreams and his relationship with the barbarian girl. The Magistrate attempts to track the altered and tortured figure of the barbarian girl both in his dreams and in his washing ritual. I n accord to the Magistrate, the barbarian girl's body is a script to be deciphered in the same way the characters on the wooden slips he had excavated had been deciphered.Through her body and the ancient script he found, he actually touches on himself and his own longings, uncertainties and suppressed feelings. The matters observed and the pressures raised in Waiting for the Barbarians, cannot be cast off so effortlessly. Throughout this paper, I did my best to focus on how Cottage tests imperialism without even declaring its name through describing the self-journey and the inner self of a man of ethics.I reason that Cotter's use of torture chamber and his complete account of viciousness, agony and terror is the rebellious side of the book. The effect of terror and viciousness, both portrayed psychically and mentally in the story by the tortured figure of the barbarian girl and the account of the Magistrates mental state. Expressing torture to the narrator of the book is the way, wh ich makes the reader to observe the cruelty of the system. Cottage in reality creates a satirical comment about imperialism at the end of the novel by exposing the Empire's self-destruction.I would like to end my essay by giving the message that the Magistrate gives to Colonel Joel at the end of the book, in which I believe sums up the books missive which the author is giving to all societies and civilizations. I am saying all societies because in the book the location, the period or values of the Empire and the outpost is not stated. Likewise, excluding Colonel Joel, the characters in the book do not have names. Even the Magistrate, the main protagonist, is without name. He is the Magistrate. I reflect that by not centralizing and not naming the characters, theEmpire gives the reader a casual look to recognize with that culture and with the characters of the story more effortlessly. This vagueness styles the book to expose to all kind of imaginings and creates an accessibility to a ll civilizations. Correspondingly, as Cottage makes the story of fear and distress, he calls on every individual one by one, and therefore calls out to every society and culture. The Magistrate: â€Å"The crime that is latent in us we must inflict on ourselves,† I say. I nod and nod, driving the message at home. â€Å"Not on others, â€Å"l say: I repeat the words, pointing my chest, pointing at his.

Globalization Essay

Globalization and technology moves the world of business forward. Globalization and technology are essential elements in providing new grounds for business transactions. Understanding how globalization and technology work to make negotiating across countries possible. This examination will discuss the various implications of globalization and technology in the negotiation process. Further, provide insight into the value of globalization and technology in business transactions. Globalization plays a substantial role in the everyday business processes. Globalization allows companies or businesses to expand and outsource jobs to maintain a low price for products. â€Å"Negotiations and contracts constitute one of the major issues in business†(). Expansion to other countries will bring in more revenue for the business and create jobs. In a domestic business transaction, globalization may also include the expansion from one state to another. The business process may vary from state to state; moreover, the needs and wants of the consumers vary as well. In negotiation, globalization takes the same business processes into consideration regarding whether to greet people in a specific way, a preference of gender at business meetings, or even the style of business cards. Another method of globalization may be from purchasing an ethnic item at the grocery store. The negotiation process to arrive at an agreement or contract to distribute this specific ethnic product took place to allow this product to exist in the store. Undoubtedly, globalization employs the use of technology to permit an ease of business transactions. For example, instead of hosting a teleconference with the advancement of technology, businesses may videoconference and have the face-to-face connection. In relation to negotiation, videoconferencing allows the negotiations to take place through globalization. Face-to-face situations compel a negotiator to be more honest and cooperative because of the personal and emotional consequences of being caught in a lie in the face-to-face context† (Thompson, 1998, p. 267). Therefore, technology may pose as a negative factor in the negotiation process. Nevertheless, the mix of globalization, technology, and negotiation may not necessarily work together to produce an ideal outcome. Ultimately, the effects of globalization and technology in the negotiation process may be beneficial. However, adapting to the new methods of business and negotiation is important. In addition, practicing effective negotiation strategies through globalization is significant to understanding the best method of arriving at a settlement or agreement. In negotiating globally, understanding the opposing side’s culture may benefit the contract at hand. Therefore, studying the business practices of the opposing side is important to not offend them and prolong the negotiation process.